From ML Predictions to Informed Diagnostic Assistance Using the Toulmin Model of Argumentation

Abstract

arXiv:2607.09664v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: To provide a structured and interpretable assessment, we decompose the image-based diagnosis into components following the Toulmin model of argumentation. This model consists of a claim, grounds, warrant, qualifier, rebuttal, and backing. Consider a claim generated by a machine learning (ML) model for retinal diagnosis. Rather than accepting this claim at face value, one could either apply explainable AI (XAI) methods or adopt an argumentation-base